THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that Great Lakes United endorses the following
criteria for any toxic air pollution control program:

1. The application of BACT for all major sources of toxic air pollution identified. The Environmental Protection Agency shall establish BACT standards for existing and modified sources to include a "floor" that, at a minimum, requires emitters to achieve emissions reductions equivalent to those achieved by the ten percent lowest emitting facilities within their industrial category. EPA shall establish firm deadlines for compliance with BACT standards; and

2. The adoption of secondary standards where BACT is noi sufficient to protect human health and the environment. Standards shall be sufficient to protect fish and wildlife, and shall include human health protection from secondary exposure through food and drinking water. Health risk assessment shall be used only as an interim control step in the uitimate phaseout of carcinogenic and persistent and/or bioaccumulative toxic substances. The risk from these toxics shall be reduced to one-in-one-million within a strict deadline. A goal of
zero discharge of carcinogens shall be established, consistent with the publicly adopted goal of at least two major chemical companies, Monsanto and Union Carbide; and

3. A comprehensive program to address the threat from accidental releases of
toxics to the air.

AND BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, tnat an international agreement similar to the Montreal Protocol shall be enacted that includes a prohibition on the manufacture and export of DDT and other toxic substances that have been banned for use in the U.S. and Canada.

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, that Great Lakes United supports a study(ies) by the National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society of Canada of the need to continue full-scale, wide-spread dredging, and the availability and usefulness of preventie measures--such as strong watershed management--and environmentally and economically sound alternatives to dredging; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society of Canada study be the basis for appropriate action by local, state, federal, and provincial agencies.

THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that guidelines for national criteria which take into account long-term, bioaccumulative ecosystem effects as well as human effects be developed by U.S. EPA before the end of fiscal 1990, and that specific numerical criteria shall be established for particular organic chemicals and heavy metals -- with an emphasis on Clean Water Act priority pollutants and other chemicals deemed to have a significant impact on water quality and aquatic species -- at the rate of 22 chemicals per year for the next five years; AND

BE IT FURWER RESOLVED, that the U.S. General Accounting Office be asked to conduct a study to be completed by July 1990 that estimates costs and identifies funding options for a national (U.S.) Contaminated Sediments Fund and/or an expanded Super-fund and that such a study shall consider the following options: "user fees" or permit processing fees for harbor authorities, direct dischargers who contribute to the problem, commercial water users such as marinas, or the private firms with whom the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers contracts dredging operations; fines levied against transportation and shipping industries for spills and discharges; and court revenues received through liability claims and enforcement actions against Clean Water Act violators; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that Canada and the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec adopt uniform national guidelines and provincial criteria and standards for assessing the toxicity of contaminated sediment and that those criteria and standards take into account chronic and bioaccumulative effects on the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence River ecosystem; AND

Et Cetera.

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, that Great Lakes United supports an Aquafund concept in the United States and Canada to fund the im lementation of research programs, prioritization and mapping of toxic hot spots, 2 emonstration cleanup projects, and ermanent cleanup activities for contaminated sediment areas in our waterways; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that such a concept or program, established in each country, must address the coordination of air, water, and land use issues on a watershed basis; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that time is of the essence in developing practical funding mechanisms for such programs and that such mechanisms be devised by the two federal governments in consultation with Great Lakes United, its member organizations, and other interested citizens' groups; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that no such funding mechanism be approved that includes any scheme that could be interpreted as a "license to pollute" by direct dischargers; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that positive incentives to prevent future pollution and to encourage waste minimization and source reduction be built into any legislation or regulation; AND

Et Cetera

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, that there be an immediate ban on the construction of all and any new in water diked disposal facilities in the Great Lakes; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that all existing confined disposal facilities undergo a detailed review and evaluation to determine the current integrity of their barriers, such review to be carried out by appropriate government agencies in each country; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that a protocol for ongoing monitoring for leaking, discharges, and progress impacts on the surrounding ecosystem be established by December, 1988 for all currently existing confined disposal facilities and that monitoring be implemented at all sites immediately, even as the protocals are being established; AND

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that an action plan for the removal and/or closure and remediation of all confined disposal facilities be developed and that remediation of confined disposal facilities in Areas of Concern be incorporated into the Remedial Action Plan for those Areas, and that this be done with the objective of determining ecosystem-positive methods of final treatment of the contiaminated sediments involved; AND

Et Cetera.

THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT the areat Lakes United Board of Directors be charged with the responsibility of establishing an ongoing working body responsible for the promotion of environmental awareness, either through the establishment of an ongoing task force or through a formal working relationship with Great Lakes Tomorrow and other related educational organizations.

THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT Great Lakes United encourages the development of educational programs concerned with environmental issues. The organization urges its members to work on programs in their own localities, particularly for Great Lakes Week. Great Lakes United further recommends that the programs for Great Lakes Week be geared to attract a wider audience by including topics relating to environment (historical, recreational, etc,).

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED THAT:
1. Energy conservation programs be sustained, introduced or stepped up to stabilize or even reduce consumption levels, thereby reducing ecologically harmful emissions, and/or ecological risks associated with storage and transportation of spent fuels from nuclear
reactors; and

2. A policy of industrial cogeneration be implenented in industrial planning to allow multiple uses of energy sources for greatest efficiency; and

3. Pricing structures be reformed so as to reward conservation vation in energy use, rather than penalize restraint of uee; and

4. Research seek an optimum combination of energy resources for ecosystem protection, not just coat efficiency; and

5. We accelerate the decommissioning of problematic nuclear facilities; and

6. We pursue planning for maximizing local consumption'of locally generated energy to minimize the proliferation of land use for distribution corridors and terminate leases on abandoned corridors; and

7. Finally, we sustain public education programs directed toward approval and support of the above.

WE THEREFORE RESOLVE that the UC recognize the magnitude of work to finish the proposed health studies and extend the We of this Task Force indefinitely and seek the necessary funding for this criticalty important work an a high priority basis!

Be It Resolved, that no more dry casks should be permitted to be loaded on the shores of the Great Lakes and that cost effective alternatives to the continued generation of nuclear waste be implemented with all due speed.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the taskforce publish regular reports on its findings so as to gain a better understanding of the potential threat of radionuclide contamination on fish, wildlife and aquatic populations and on drinking water supplies taken from the Great Lakes and its impacts on aquatic, wildlife and human health.

THEREFORE B6 IT RESOLVED, that Great Lakee United urge the U.S. Department of Energy and Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd. that any potential sites for nuclear waste repositories in the Qreat Lakes/St. Lawrence watershed be immediately disqualified from any further consideration for such use, and furthermore, future plans for nuclear waste repositories must consider the magnitude and ecologic seneitivity of the hydrological features of the location being reviewed.